Stars are the machines that carved the universe, but scientists don’t know how they created them. To understand the “baby boom” of star birth that occurred early in the history of the universe, researchers turned to the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way.
This neighboring galaxy has a simpler chemical composition than the Milky Way, making it more similar to galaxies in the smaller universe, when heavier elements were very rare. This allowed it to act as a proxy for the early universe.
Two separate studies – one with the Hubble Space Telescope, and the other with the Southern European Observatory’s Very Large Telescope – recently came to the same conclusion. Using a different method, the independent team found a young star orbiting the center of mass of a larger star called NGC 346 in the Small Magellanic Cloud. The movement of gas and stars, like rivers, is an effective way to trigger star birth, the researchers say. The team’s results suggest that the process of star formation in the Small Magellanic Cloud is similar to that of our Milky Way.
Nature loves spirals—from stormy vortices, to the pinwheel-shaped protoplanetary disks around newborn stars, to the vast region of spiral galaxies throughout the universe.
Astronomers are now stunned to find young stars spiraling at the center of a large cluster of stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way.
The spiral outer arms in the nursery of this large, odd-shaped star called NGC 346 may have triggered star formation in the motions of stars like gas and streams. Researchers say this is an effective way to trigger star birth.
The Small Magellanic Cloud has a simpler chemical composition than the Milky Way, making it similar to the galaxies found in the smaller universe, when heavier elements were very rare. Because of this, stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud are hotter than those in our Milky Way and run out of fuel faster.
Despite being a proxy for the early universe, the Small Magellanic Cloud, 200,000 light-years away, is also one of our closest galactic neighbors.
Studying how stars form in the Small Magellanic Cloud has led to star-birth firestorms early in the history of the universe, when it went through a period of “baby explosions” about 2 to 3 billion years after the Big Bang. Was passing, provides a new twist on it. is now 13.8 years old) .. billion years).
The new findings suggest that the process of star formation there is similar to what happens in our Milky Way.
Only 150 light-years in diameter, NGC 346 has a mass of 50,000 Suns. Its attractive size and rapid star formation astonish astronomers. Used the combined power of NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope and the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) to uncover the behavior of this mysterious star-nesting Earth.
“Stars are the machines that make up the universe. We wouldn’t have life without stars, but we don’t fully understand how they formed,” said study leader Elena Sappi of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. “We have a number of models that make predictions, and some of those predictions are contradictory. We want to determine what drives star formation, because it’s a rule, we also need to understand why we’ve made the initial predictions.” What did you see in the universe?
The researchers determined the motion of the stars in NGC 346 in two different ways. Using Hubble, Sabi and his team measured the change in the position of the stars over 11 years. The stars in this region travel at an average speed of 2,000 miles per hour, which means they travel 200 million miles in 11 years. This is almost twice the distance between the Sun and the Earth.
But these clusters are relatively distant within neighboring galaxies. This means that the amount of motion observed is very small and therefore difficult to measure. These very precise observations were only possible because of Hubble’s incredible accuracy and sensitivity. In addition, Hubble’s three-decade history provides astronomers with the basis for accurately following the motion of the sky over time.
The second team, led by Peter Zeidler of AURA/STScI for the European Space Agency, used the VLT Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument to measure radial velocity, which determines whether an object is approaching or moving from an observer. going away.
“What’s really amazing is that we used two completely different methods with different features and got essentially the same result, independent of each other,” Zeidler said. “With Hubble, you can see stars, but with MUSE we can also see the movement of gas in the third dimension, and this confirms the theory that everything spins inward.”
“The spiral is an excellent natural way to trigger star formation from the outside toward the center of mass,” explains Zeidler. “This is the most efficient way for stars and gas to move toward the center to trigger more star formation.”
Half of the Hubble data for this NGC 346 study is archival. The first record was taken 11 years ago. This was recently replicated to track the motion of the stars over time. Due to the longevity of the telescope, the Hubble data archive now contains more than 32 years of astronomical data that supports unprecedented long-term studies.
“The Hubble Archive is a real goldmine,” Sabi said. “There are many interesting star-forming regions that Hubble has been observing over the years. Given that Hubble has done so well, we can actually replicate this observation. It could really advance our understanding of star formation.” “
(The title and image of this report may have only been reworked by the Business Standard team; other content is generated automatically from the shared feed.)
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